What are the Different Parts of Speech?
Every word can be grouped into one of ten categories based on what meaning they have in a sentence. These categories are called the parts of speech. Although the parts of speech also have sub-categories, we will only focus on the main function of each of the parts of speech for this tutorial.
The different parts of speech.
What are Nouns?
Nouns are the words we use for things that exist in the world.
Example 1: "The cat jumped on the table."
In this sentence the words cat and table are both nouns because they are things that exist in the world.
Example 2: "Otis took the trash out."
In this sentence both Otis and trash are both nouns seeing as they too are things that exist in the world.
What are the Different Types of Nouns?
Adjectives.
Adjectives are words that add meaning to the noun in the sentence.
Examples of adjectives are: beautiful, ugly, fast, round
Example sentence: "Grammaticus is hungry."
In this example, the word hungry is an adjective because it tells us a little bit more about the noun "Grammaticus"
Examples of adjectives are: beautiful, ugly, fast, round
Example sentence: "Grammaticus is hungry."
In this example, the word hungry is an adjective because it tells us a little bit more about the noun "Grammaticus"
What are Verbs?
verbs are often times called doing words. This is because verbs are words that indicate an action taking place.
Examples of verbs are: run, jump swim, talk
Example sentence: "Otis ate an apple."
In this example, the word ate is a verb because it indicates an action taking place.
Adverbs are words that tell you more about the verb.
Exampled of adverbs are: slowly, badly, often
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple, quickly."
In this example, the word quickly is an adverb because it tells us more about how the apple was eaten.
Exampled of adverbs are: slowly, badly, often
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple, quickly."
In this example, the word quickly is an adverb because it tells us more about how the apple was eaten.
Pronoun.
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun (a person, place, or thing). Pronouns help sentences sound natural. They can be used to avoid repeating the same noun unnecessarily, or if we already know who or what we are talking about.
Common examples of pronouns:
it, his, her, their
Example sentence 1: "Dave ate his apple."
In this sentence, his is a pronoun because it replaces a noun (Dave).
Without pronouns, the sentence would look like this: "Dave ate Dave’s apple."
Using the pronoun his makes the sentence smoother and easier to read.
Example sentence 2: "The car is broken because its engine doesn’t work."
In this sentence, its is a pronoun because it replaces a noun (the car).
Without the pronoun, the sentence would look like this: "The car is broken because the car’s engine doesn’t work."
Using the pronoun its makes the sentence clearer and less repetitive.
Examples of conjunctions are: and, but, therefore
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple because he was hungry."
In this example because is a conjunction because it links the two sentences together. In this case, the two sentences are "Grammaticus ate an apple" and "He was hungry."
Preposition.
Prepositions indicate the position of the noun.
Examples of prepositions are: behind, in, outside
Example sentence: "Grammaticus sat on the floor"
In this example, the word on is a preposition because it tells us where the noun, Grammaticus, is.
Examples of prepositions are: behind, in, outside
Example sentence: "Grammaticus sat on the floor"
In this example, the word on is a preposition because it tells us where the noun, Grammaticus, is.
What are Articles?
There are only three articles in the English language: a, an ,the
Because of this, they are some of the easiest parts of speech to recognize. Articles are used to indicate what object is referred to.
Example 1: I saw the dog.
Example 2: I ate an apple.
Interjections.
An interjection is an utterance used to convey a dealing rather than any specific meaning.
Examples of interjections are: ouch, wow, oh
Example sentence: "Arg! I don't want to eat yet another apple."
In this example, the word Arg is an because it does not have any meaning in itself, but it does convey emotion.
Determiners.
Examples of interjections are: ouch, wow, oh
Example sentence: "Arg! I don't want to eat yet another apple."
In this example, the word Arg is an because it does not have any meaning in itself, but it does convey emotion.
Determiners help nouns in the same way that adjectives do. However, determiners are used to specify the noun's quantity.
Examples of determiners are: dozens, all, none, many
Example sentence: Grammaticus are a few apples
.
In this example, the word few is a determiner because it gives us an indication of the quantity of the noun. In other words, it gives us an idea of how many apples there are.
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Sources
Grammarly. Available: https://www.grammarly.com/blog
Lutrin, B. & Pincus, M. 2007. English Handbook and Study Guide: A Comprehensive English Reference Book. South Africa: Berlut Books
Oasis. Available: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/home
Scribbr. Available: https://www.scribbr.com/knowledge-base/
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